Which design complicates decision-making due to conflicting authority over resources?

The matrix design complicates decision-making primarily due to the dual authority structure it incorporates. In a matrix organization, employees report to both a functional manager and a project manager. This dual reporting can lead to conflicts regarding priorities, resource allocation, and direction, as both managers may have different goals and expectations. Consequently, this structure can create ambiguity and confusion for employees when making decisions, as they may receive conflicting instructions or requirements from their two supervisors.

In environments where resource optimization is critical, such as in project management, having two lines of authority can lead to challenges in coordinating efforts and ensuring that resources are aligned with project needs and organizational goals. This can hinder responsiveness and efficiency, making it essential for organizations utilizing a matrix structure to implement clear communication channels and conflict-resolution mechanisms to mitigate these issues.